In section III, internet driven potential equipments in smart grid infrastructure have been discussed. In this investigation, cyber security objectives have been set up firstly (Section II) with detailed past history of several cyber attacks (Section III). Using these different methods cyber vulnerabilities like relay protection, power flow control grid security and reliability can be modeled and analyzed. Several artificial intelligence based methods for identification and estimation of cyber vulnerabilities have enlisted and reviewed in this paper which will direct a path for smart grid protection. It also presents potential components of smart grid through which cyber vulnerabilities can be encountered. This paper gives a spotlight on several past worldwide cyber attacks and the need of cyber security for smart grid. So, it is very much required to examine potential cyber security threats, analyzed them in terms of the security objectives. Internet technologies are being used by energy users can also direct cyber vulnerabilities. In the electric grid, several unpredictable attack are continuously occurred which are need to discover for the solution of cyber Cyber rackets initiate cybercrimes for their financial gain which causes a widespread effect on economical state of a nation. So, it is vital to provide the security and prepare a safe smart grid infrastructure incorporated with intelligent technologies. These vulnerabilities affect internet governed instruments in the smart grids comprising of Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU), Remote terminal units (RTU) etc. EMS with intelligent control technologies require to provide extra attention against cyber vulnerabilities. This EMS proves smart grid a new opportunity in energy assets. Energy Storage systems and renewable energy based distributed energy resources (DERs) are bought in the new age grid though Energy Management System (EMS). Instead of the grid modernization, energy users still require to obtain the reliable power delivery at their end ensuring stability of the grid. New generation sources like geothermal heat, waterfalls, solar radiation, wind, fuel cell, and nuclear fission generates green energy which are attached to the electricity distribution structure to meet the required electricity demand. Integration of new generation energy sources, sensors, smart meters and control devices in the smart grid provide a lot of benefits in a modern ecosystem. Internet technology and digital communication helps smart grids to respond intelligently and communicate among user of the grid. Recent revolution in modern power industry evolves normal power system network into Smart grid governed by information and communication technology. Keyword:- Smart Grid, SCADA, Cyber attacks, Cyber security Using these techniques, cyber vulnerabilities in smart grid like relay protection, power flow control grid security and reliability can be modeled and analyzed. Different heuristic detection and estimation techniques have also been reviewed in this paper. In this research paper, an extensive review work has been carried out which includes occurrence history in smart grid scenario. ![]() In recent years, internet driven equipments of smart grid are suffering from different cyber vulnerabilities. Smart Grid is a power network consisting of digital communications technology facing challenges of increasing load demands along with problems like blackouts, overloads, and voltage sags foremost dealing with cyber-attacks. Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Sodepur, IndiaĪbstract Information technology solutions modernize the traditional power grids transformed into Smart Grid. Cyber Vulnerabilities in Smart Grid: A Reviewīarnali Kundu Department of Electrical Engineering,
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